OLETs Questions of Logical Reasoning
- Statement: All birds can fly. Penguins are birds.
Conclusion: Penguins can fly.
Options:
True
False
Uncertain
None of the above - Statement: The government has decided to increase taxes on luxury goods to reduce income inequality.
Assumption:
Luxury goods are predominantly purchased by wealthy individuals.
Taxes on luxury goods have no effect on income inequality.
The government has no other way to reduce income inequality.
Luxury goods are essential for reducing income inequality. - Statement: Online education is becoming more popular because it offers flexibility.
Which of the following strengthens this statement?
Online education is costlier than traditional education.
Students can attend classes from any location.
Traditional education provides better networking opportunities.
Online education requires expensive technology. - Statement: A recent study shows that people who drink green tea daily have a lower risk of heart disease.
Which of the following weakens this argument,?
2
Green tea contains antioxidants.
The study did not account for other lifestyle factors of participants.
Participants in the study consumed various brands of green tea.
Heart disease is influenced by genetic factors. - A is taller than B. C is taller than A. D is shorter than B. Who is the tallest?
Options:
A
B
C
D - Statement: “You can achieve success only if you work hard.”
Conclusion:
Working hard guarantees success.
Success is not possible without hard work.
Hard work and success are unrelated.
Success depends only on luck. - A family has six members: P, Q, R, S, T, and U. P is the mother of R. Q is the father of T. R is the sister of T. S is the grandmother of R. U is the grandson of S.
Who is the husband of P?
Options:
Q
T
S
U - Statement: Increased urbanization has led to rising pollution levels in cities.
3
Which assumption is implicit in this statement?
Urbanization is the only cause of pollution.
Pollution levels in rural areas are lower than in cities.
Urbanization cannot be stopped.
Pollution is a necessary consequence of urbanization. - If “READ” is coded as “QDCZ,” how will “BOOK” be coded?
Options:
ANNJ
AMNL
COOM
CQPL - Statement: “All mangoes are fruits. Some fruits are sour.”
Which of the following is a valid conclusion? A) All mangoes are sour.
Some mangoes are not sour.
All fruits are mangoes.
Some mangoes may be sour. - Statement: Regular exercise leads to better mental health.
Which of the following strengthens this statement? A) People who exercise regularly sleep better.
Regular exercise requires significant time investment.
Mental health is influenced by genetics.
Regular exercise can lead to muscle fatigue. - If A is to B as 4 is to 10, and C is to D as 3 is to 9, what is the ratio of A to D?
Options:
4
4:9
10:3
4:3
10:9 - Statement: Smoking in public places should be banned to improve public health.
Assumption:
Smoking has no benefits.
Smoking affects only the person who smokes.
Public health is negatively impacted by secondhand smoke.
Smokers will quit if smoking is banned. - In a group of 50 people, 30 like tea, 25 like coffee, and 10 like both. How many people like neither?
Options:
5
15
10
25 - Statement: “The recent increase in fuel prices has led to higher transportation costs.”
Which of the following weakens this statement?
Transportation costs are influenced by factors other than fuel prices.
Fuel prices are expected to drop in the near future.
Most transportation companies use alternative energy sources.
Transportation costs are not a significant expense for businesses. - If 5 pencils cost as much as 3 erasers and 2 erasers cost as much as 1 notebook, how many pencils cost as much as 3 notebooks?
Options:
5
15
20
25
30 - Statement: A majority of voters in a city support the construction of a new park.
Which of the following strengthens this argument?
Surveys show that 70% of residents want more green spaces.
The city already has several parks.
Construction of parks is expensive.
Parks reduce urban congestion. - A man walks 5 km north, turns left, and walks 3 km. Then he turns left again and walks 5 km. How far is he from the starting point?
Options:
3 km
5 km
8 km
10 km - Statement: “No doctors are engineers. All engineers are scientists.”
Conclusion:
No doctors are scientists.
Some scientists are not engineers.
All scientists are engineers.
No conclusion can be drawn. - If in a certain code, “BLUE” is written as “EULB,” how will “GREEN” be written?
Options:
6 A) NEERG
RGNEE
EERNG
RGNEE - Statement: “Many companies are adopting remote work policies to reduce overhead costs.”
Which of the following weakens this statement?
Employees prefer flexible work arrangements.
Some companies report higher costs for remote work infrastructure.
Remote work leads to higher productivity.
Office spaces remain vacant. - If A is older than B and B is older than C, which of the following is true?
Options:
A is the youngest.
C is older than B.
A is older than C.
B is the oldest. - Statement: “Increasing taxes on sugary drinks will reduce their consumption.”
Assumption:
Higher prices discourage consumption.
People will switch to healthier beverages.
Sugary drinks are the primary cause of obesity.
Tax revenue from sugary drinks is not needed. - What comes next in the series: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30…?
Options:
40
7
42
50
56 - If “DOG” is coded as 417 and “CAT” is coded as 312, what will “BAT” be coded as?
Options:
213
312
317
214
Answers and Explanations
A) True
Penguins are birds. So they can fly.
A) Luxury goods are predominantly purchased by wealthy individuals.
For the tax policy to reduce income inequality, it assumes the wealthy purchase luxury goods.
B) Students can attend classes from any location.
This directly supports the flexibility of online education.
B) The study did not account for other lifestyle factors of participants.
This weakens the argument by suggesting green tea might not be the sole reason for reduced heart disease.
C) C
Since C is taller than A, and A is taller than B, C is the tallest.
B) Success is not possible without hard work.
The statement implies hard work is necessary for success.
A) Q
Q is the father of T, making him P’s husband.
B) Pollution levels in rural areas are lower than in cities.
This assumption connects urbanization with higher pollution levels.
A) ANNJ
The code reduces each letter’s position in the alphabet by one.
D) Some mangoes may be sour.
This is a possibility since some fruits (which may include mangoes) are sour.
A) People who exercise regularly sleep better.
Better sleep strengthens the argument for improved mental health.
A) 4:9
A:B = 4:10, and C:D = 3:9. A:D = 4:9.
C) Public health is negatively impacted by secondhand smoke.
This is the basis for banning smoking in public places.
B) 15
Total liking tea or coffee = 30 + 25 – 10 = 45. People liking neither = 50 – 45 = 15.
A) Transportation costs are influenced by factors other than fuel prices.
This weakens the argument by introducing other factors.
D) 30
5 pencils = 3 erasers. 2 erasers = 1 notebook. 3 notebooks = 6 erasers = 30 pencils.
A) Surveys show that 70% of residents want more green spaces.
This directly supports the argument.
A) 3 km
After walking, the man is 3 km west of the starting point.
D) No conclusion can be drawn.
The relationship between doctors and scientists cannot be deduced.
A) NEERG
Reverse the letters of the word.
B) Some companies report higher costs for remote work infrastructure.
This contradicts the claim that remote work reduces overhead costs.
C) A is older than C.
If A > B > C, A is older than C.
A) Higher prices discourage consumption.
The argument assumes price sensitivity in consumption.
B) 42
Differences in the series are +4, +6, +8, +10. Next difference is +12.
A) 213
The numerical positions of the letters in the alphabet are used: B(2), A(1), T(20). Summing digits of 20 gives 2 + 0 = 2. Hence, BAT = 213